Silicon nitride is a chemical compound of the elements silicon and nitrogen, with the formula Si 3N 4. It is a white, high-melting-point solid that is relatively chemically inert, being attacked by dilute HF and hot H 2SO 4. It is very hard (8.5 on the mohs scale). It is the most thermodynamically stable of the silicon nitrides. Hence, Si 3N 4 is the most commercially important of the silicon nitridesand is generally understood as what is being referred to where the term "silicon nitride" is used.
Boron nitride is a heat- and chemically resistant refractory compound of boron and nitrogen with the chemical formulaBN. It exists in various crystalline forms that are isoelectronic to a similarly structured carbon lattice. The hexagonal form corresponding to graphite is the most stable and soft among BN polymorphs, and is therefore used as a lubricant and an additive to cosmetic products. The cubic (sphalerite structure) variety analogous to diamond is called c-BN; it is softer than diamond, but its thermal and chemical stability is superior. The rare wurtzite BN modification is similar to lonsdaleite and may even be harder than the cubic form.
Because of excellent thermal and chemical stability, boron nitride ceramics are traditionally used as parts of high-temperature equipment. Boron nitride has potential use in nanotechnology. Nanotubes of BN can be produced that have a structure similar to that of carbon nanotubes, i.e. graphene (or BN) sheets rolled on themselves, but the properties are very different.